AMS 101 Principles of Management — Study Materials Flashcards

Front

Management

Back

The administration and organization of tasks and responsibilities to achieve set goals. It involves planning, organizing, directing, coordinating and controlling human and material resources to accomplish objectives effectively and efficiently.

Front

Fayol's Definition

Back

Management is to forecast and to plan, to organize, to command, to coordinate and to control. This encapsulates the managerial process and functions as identified by Henri Fayol.

Front

Drucker's View

Back

Management is a multi-purpose organ that manages business, managers, workers and work. Drucker emphasizes the broad and multifaceted role of management in organizations.

Front

Management as Art

Back

Management is considered an art because it requires personal skills, experience and creativity to apply knowledge effectively. Managers use judgment and intuition to solve practical problems.

Front

Management as Science

Back

Management is a science because it comprises an organized body of knowledge and universally accepted principles. Science provides systematic methods and theories that guide managerial practice.

Front

Management as Profession

Back

Management is a profession when it requires formal training, specialized knowledge and qualifications. Professional managers apply learned principles and standards in practice.

Front

Efficiency vs Effectiveness

Back

Efficiency means doing things right or using resources judiciously, while effectiveness means doing the right things to achieve organizational goals. Both are essential for managerial success.

Front

Characteristics of Management

Back

Management is a group, social, action-based and intangible process that achieves results through others. It is pervasive, innovative and aided (but not replaced) by technology.

Front

Need for Management

Back

Management is needed to ensure smooth operations, proper resource utilization, effective communication, motivation and team spirit. It brings order and guides organizations toward objectives.

Front

Scientific Management

Back

A classical approach focused on improving worker productivity through scientific study of tasks, selection and training of workers, and task standardization. Key figures include Frederick Taylor and the Gilbreths.

Front

Therbligs

Back

Seventeen basic elements of motion identified by Frank Gilbreth to analyze tasks and eliminate unnecessary movements. Examples include Search, Grasp, Position and Release load.

Front

Gantt Chart

Back

A scheduling chart developed by Henry Gantt that displays planned and actual performance over time. It helps managers compare scheduled tasks with completed work.

Front

Bureaucratic Approach

Back

Max Weber's model emphasizing division of labor, hierarchy, impersonality and formal rules to achieve organizational efficiency. It values clear authority and specialization.

Front

Fayol's Principle: Unity of Command

Back

An employee should have only one direct superior to avoid confusion and conflicting instructions. This principle supports clear authority and responsibility relationships.

Front

Human Relations School

Back

A neo-classical approach that stresses the importance of interpersonal relationships, worker welfare and communication for productivity. Elton Mayo and the Hawthorne studies are central to this school.

Front

McGregor's Theory X/Y

Back

Theory X assumes people dislike work and need strict supervision; Theory Y assumes people are self-motivated and seek responsibility. The theories shape managerial assumptions and styles.

Front

Maslow's Hierarchy

Back

A motivational model proposing needs arranged from physiological and safety to social, esteem and self-actualization. Once a lower-level need is satisfied, higher-level needs motivate behavior.

Front

System Approach

Back

Views an organization as an interrelated set of parts working together to achieve goals. It emphasizes interdependence, input-output transformation and holistic problem solving.

Front

Contingency Approach

Back

Asserts that managerial actions depend on situational variables; there is no one best way to manage. Managers must assess internal and external factors to choose appropriate methods.

Front

POSDCoRB

Back

An acronym for key management functions: Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing, Co-ordination, Reporting and Budgeting. It summarizes the broad responsibilities of managers.